Nix can now automatically run the garbage collector during builds or
while adding paths to the store. The option "min-free = <bytes>"
specifies that Nix should run the garbage collector whenever free
space in the Nix store drops below <bytes>. It will then delete
garbage until "max-free" bytes are available.

Garbage collection during builds is asynchronous; running builds are
not paused and new builds are not blocked. However, there also is a
synchronous GC run prior to the first build/substitution.

Currently, no old GC roots are deleted (as in "nix-collect-garbage
-d").

Since file locks are per-process rather than per-file-descriptor, the
garbage collector would always acquire a lock on its own temproots
file and conclude that it's stale.

Maybe this will fix the curl hangs on macOS. (We could also use
CURLOPT_TIMEOUT but that seems more of a sledgehammer.)

src/libmain/stack.cc: fix 'ucontext' usage on glibc-2.26

Build fails as:

$ make
  CXX    src/libmain/stack.o
src/libmain/stack.cc: In function 'void nix::sigsegvHandler(int, siginfo_t*, void*)':
src/libmain/stack.cc:21:21: error: 'ucontext' was not declared in this scope
     sp = (char *) ((ucontext *) ctx)->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RSP];
                     ^~~~~~~~
src/libmain/stack.cc:21:21: note: suggested alternative: 'ucontext_t'
     sp = (char *) ((ucontext *) ctx)->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RSP];
                     ^~~~~~~~
                     ucontext_t

It's caused by upstream rename:
https://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=commitdiff;h=251287734e89a52da3db682a8241eb6bccc050c9



which basically changes
    typedef struct ucontext {} ucontext_t;
to
    typedef struct ucontext_t {} ucontext_t;

The change uses ucontext_t.

Signed-off-by: Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox@gentoo.org>

Without this, substitute info is fetched sequentially, which is
superslow. In the old UI (e.g. nix-build), we call printMissing(),
which calls queryMissing(), thereby preheating the binary cache
cache. But the new UI doesn't do that.

In particular, drop the "build-" and "gc-" prefixes which are
pointless. So now you can say

  nix build --no-sandbox

instead of

  nix build --no-build-use-sandbox

https://hydra.nixos.org/build/59649086

https://hydra.nixos.org/build/59649086

This is useful for testing commands in isolation.

For example,

  $ nix run nixpkgs.geeqie -i -k DISPLAY -k XAUTHORITY -c geeqie

runs geeqie in an empty environment, except for $DISPLAY and
$XAUTHORITY.

E.g.

  nix run nixpkgs.hello -c hello --greeting Hallo

Note that unlike "nix-shell --command", no quoting of arguments is
necessary.

"-c" (short for "--command") cannot be combined with "--" because they
both consume all remaining arguments. But since installables shouldn't
start with a dash, this is unlikely to cause problems.

Running "nix run" with a diverted store, e.g.

  $ nix run --store local?root=/tmp/nix nixpkgs.hello

stopped working when Nix became multithreaded, because
unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER) doesn't work in multithreaded processes. The
obvious solution is to terminate all other threads first, but 1) there
is no way to terminate Boehm GC marker threads; and 2) it appears that
the kernel has a race where unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER) will still fail for
some indeterminate amount of time after joining other threads.

So instead, "nix run" will now exec() a single-threaded helper ("nix
__run_in_chroot") that performs the actual unshare()/chroot()/exec().

These are assumed to be internal.

Symlinks like /proc/self/exe report a stat() size of 0, so use a
buffer of at least PATH_MAX instead.

And print them (separately from the progress bar) given sufficient -v
flags.

This makes the progress bar work for non-root users.

Now that we use threads in lots of places, it's possible for
TunnelLogger::log() to be called asynchronously from other threads
than the main loop. So we need to ensure that STDERR_NEXT messages
don't clobber other messages.

So the progress bar can show

  [1/0/1 built, 0.0 MiB DL] building hello-2.10 (configuring): checking whether pread is declared without a macro... yes

In particular, this allows more relevant activities ("substituting X")
to supersede inferior ones ("downloading X").

https://hydra.nixos.org/build/59390148

This allows the progress bar to display "building perl-5.22.3" instead
of "building /nix/store/<hash>-perl-5.22.3.drv".